Group verb

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Phrasal Verbs or Group Verbs

Phrasal Verb (Group Verb) হলো Verb এবং এক বা একাধিক Particles এর এমন একটি সমন্বয়, যাতে সাধারণভাবে একটি verb এবং এক বা একাধিক particles থাকে, যা একত্রে একটি আলাদা অর্থ তৈরি করে । অর্থাৎ এর মধ্যে ব্যবহৃত শব্দেগুলোকে পৃথক করে অর্থ করা হয় না। 

চলুন একটি example এর সাহায্যে সহজে এর জিলাপির প্যাঁচ ছাড়ানো যাক:

ধরুণ আপনি carry out (কিছু করা, কোন কাজ সম্পূর্ণ করা; perform, execute) phrasal verb দিয়ে একটি বাক্য লিখেছেন: 

  • The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her. (তার রোগ নির্নয় করতে হাসপাতাল পরীক্ষা নিরীক্ষা চালাচ্ছে।)

ব্যাখ্যা: ভেবে দেখুন উপরের বাক্যে ‘carry out’ phrasal verb টির অর্থ যদি আমরা পৃথক পৃথক ভাবে করতাম তাহলে এমন হত carry অর্থ বহন করা এবং out অর্থ বাহিরে তাহলে অর্থ দাড়ায় বাহিরে বহন করা। আর বাক্যের অর্থ দাড়ায় ‘তার রোগ নির্নয় করতে হাসপাতাল পরীক্ষা নিরীক্ষা বাহিরে বহন করছে’। এবার ভেবে দেখুন কোন meaningful sentence হয় এভাবে। 

 

A

Act for পক্ষে কাজ করা।

Act on - কোনো কিছু অনুসারে কাজ করা 

Act up to – আশানুরূপ কাজ করা।

Act upon-কোনো কিছুর ওপর নির্ভর করে কাজ করা।

B

Bear off – জয় করে নেয়া।

Bear on - সম্পর্ক/সম্বন্ধযুক্ত হওয়া।

Bear out – সমর্থন করা।

Bear with সহ্য করা।

Blow away – উড়িয়ে নিয়ে যাওয়া।

Blow off – নির্গত করা।

Blow out – নিভিয়ে ফেলা।

Blow up – বিস্ফোরিত হওয়া, উড়িয়ে দেয়া। 

Break away ভেঙে বের হওয়া।

Break down ভেঙে পড়া।

Break in শিক্ষা পাওয়া, জোরপূর্বক প্রবেশ করা,কথার মাঝে কথা বলা। 

Break out -- প্রাদুর্ভাব ঘটা।

Break through – জোর করে ঢোকা ।

Break up – শেষ হওয়া।

Break into - ভেঙে প্রবেশ করা।

Bring about — ঘটানো।

Bring forth — উৎপন্ন করা।

Bring in- প্রচলন করা, দেয়া।

Bring up -- লালন পালন করা

 

C

Call at- কোনো স্থানে গিয়ে দেখা করা।

Call for চাওয়া।

Call in ডেকে আনা।

Call off – প্রত্যাহার করা

Call on -দেখা করা।

Callout -ডেকে পাঠানো ।

Callup – স্মরণ করা।

Carry away – বাহিত হওয়া, প্রভাবিত করা।।

Carry off – বাহিত হওয়া, জীবন নেয়া, বিজয়ী হওয়া। 

Carry on -চালিয়ে যাওয়া।

Carry out -পালন করা।

Cast aside ফেলা, বাদ দেয়া।

Cost off  -ছুড়ে ফেলা, বাদ দেয়া।

Come after- পিছনে তাড়া করা।

Come away -খুলে যাওয়া।

Get on-চলা

Come by -পাওয়া।

Come from - কোনো স্থান থেকে আসা ।

Come off- অনুষ্ঠিত হয়।

Come of -উদ্ভূত হওয়া/জন্মগ্রহণ করা।

Come on দ্রুত চলা।

Come out – প্রকাশিত হওয়া।

Come round – সুস্থ হওয়া।

Cut down- কাটা হ্রাস করা।

Cut off -বিচ্ছিন্ন করা, মারা যাওয়া।

Cut out -পরান্ত করা, সেবাদান বন্ধ করা।

Cut up- মর্মাহত হওয়া, টুকরা টুকরা করা।

 

G

Get out -বের হওয়া।

Get through – সেরে ওঠা। 

Get up -ওঠা, তৈরি করা।

Give away- সমর্পণ করা, দান করা

Give into মেনে নেয়া।

Give in- মেনে নেয়া।

Give off – দেয়া।

Give over to - হস্তান্তর করা।

Give up- ত্যাগ করা, ছেড়ে দেয়া।

Go about – ঘুরে বেড়ানো, বিস্তার লাভ করা।

Go after-- অনুসরণ করা।

Go along – মেনে নেয়া ।

Go away – চলে যাওয়া।

Go back on খেলাপ করা।

Go by – অতিক্রান্ত হওয়া, পরিচিত হওয়া।

Go down - অস্ত যাওয়া, হ্রাস পাওয়া।

Go for -আনতে যাওয়া।

Go in for — পরীক্ষা দেয়া।

Go off – বিস্ফোরিত হওয়া।

Go round / around - চক্রাকারে ঘোরা। 

Go through – পাঠ করা, পড়া।

Get along- চালানো।

Getaway - পালানো।

Get by — চালানো, জীবন নির্বাহ করা।

Get down. - মনোযোগ দেয়া, নামা।

Get into - ঢোকা, মিশে যাওয়া।

 

D

Doup - অত্যন্ত ক্লান্ত, আটকে থাকা।

 Do without — কোনোকিছু ছাড়া চলা

Duwell on/upon- চিন্তা করা।

 

F

Fall back- পিছু হটা ।

Fall down -পড়ে যাওয়া।

Goon - চালিয়ে যাওয়া।

Fall from - ক্ষমতাচ্যুত হওয়া।

Fall in with – সম্মত হওয়া।

Fall into ঝামেলায় পড়া।

Fall in - সারিবন্ধ হওয়া।

Fall off – এসে ঝরে পড়া।

Fall on -হওয়া, আক্রমণ করা।

Fall through – নিষ্ফল হওয়া।

 

H

Hand over – সমর্পণ করা।

Hang about / around — সন্দেহজনকভাবে ঘোরাফেরা করা, অপেক্ষা করা।

Hang back - পশ্চাদপদ হওয়া।

Hang on- কারো ওপর নির্ভর করা, অপেক্ষা করা।

 

L

Let down- হতাশ করা।

Look about- - খোজ করা।

Look after- দেখাশুনা করা।

Look at — তাকানো।

Look down - ঘৃণা করা।

Look for — খোজা।

Look into — তদন্ত করা।

Look on- মনে করা।

Look out বাইরে তাকানো, সজাগ থাকা।

Look through – যত্নের সাথে পরীক্ষা করা

 Look to — মনোযোগী হওয়া।

Look up to - সম্মান করা।

Look up — খুঁজে বের করা।

Look over - পরীক্ষা করা।

 

R

Run away -- পালিয়ে যাওয়া, ঘর ছাড়া, চুরি করা।

Run down – ছুটে ধরা।

Run into — জড়িত হওয়া, পতিত হওয়া।

Run out- ফুরিয়ে যাওয়া। 

Run over – পিষ্ট হওয়া।

Run through – ভেদ করা। 

Run upon — ধাক্কা খাওয়া ।

 

S

See off - বিদায় জানানো।

Set about – শুরু করা।

Set down - লেখা, নামানো

Set in শুরু হওয়া।

Set off যাত্রা শুরু করা।

Set out – যাত্রা শুরু করা, ছড়িয়ে দেয়া।

Stand aside- সরে দাঁড়ানো।

Setup স্থাপন করা।

Stand against — বাঁধা দেয়া।

Stand by - পাশে দাঁড়ানো।

Stand for বোঝানো।

Stand off – দূরে থাকা ।

Stand up for- পক্ষ সমর্থন করা।

 

M

Make off – পালিয়ে যাওয়া।

Make of – নির্মাণ করা, বোঝা।

Make out বোঝা।

Make over -অর্পণ করা।

Make up of — গঠিত হওয়া।

Make up-ক্ষতিপূরণ দেয়া, মনস্থির করা, মিটিয়ে।ফেলা, পূর্ণ করা ।

T

Take after- দেখতে একরকম হওয়া। 

Take away – সরিয়ে নেয়া।

Take down - লেখা।

Take for — মনে করা। 

Take off – খুলে ফেলা, অনুকরণ করা, তুলে নেয়া।

Take over -গ্রহণ করা। 

Take to -অভ্যাস করা। 

Tell upon - হানি করা, ক্ষতি করা।

Turn after — সদৃশ্য হওয়া।

Turn down- নাকচ করা।

 

P

Put away- সরিয়ে রাখা।

Put down ভেঙে ফেলা, লেখা, দমন করা

Put forward – উত্থাপন করা। 

Put off – খোলা, স্থগিত করা।

Put on পরিধান করা।

Put out – নিভানো।

Put together – একত্রিত করা। 

Put to - দণ্ড দেয়া।

Put up to — খারাপ কাজে প্ররোচিত করা।

Put up with সহ্য করা। 

Put up - বাস করা, তোলা, লটকানো । 

 

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Request history8.2.28PHP Version113msRequest Duration10MBMemory UsageGET admission/{slug}Route
    • Booting (31.45ms)time
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      uri
      GET admission/{slug}
      middleware
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      app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:102-110
      26 statements were executed (2 duplicates)Show only duplicates19.54ms
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        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:43
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
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        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:38
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      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app220μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `num_of_mcq`, `num_of_written`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id`, `sub_category_id`, `main_category_id`, `slug`, `meta_og_title`, `meta_keyword`, `meta_description`, `vote`, `view_count`, `icon`, `page_type`, `chapter_name` from `subjects` where (`subjects`.`_lft` between 13945 and 13946) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app160μsselect `id`, `description`, `short_description`, `subject_id` from `subject_descriptions` where `subject_descriptions`.`subject_id` in (15053) and `subject_descriptions`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app150μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `sub_categories` where `sub_categories`.`id` in (4878) and `sub_categories`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app170μsselect `id`, `user_id`, `completeable_type`, `completeable_id`, `complete_progress`, `is_complete` from `completes` where `completes`.`completeable_id` in (15053) and `completes`.`completeable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Subject'
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        • 0: App\Models\Subject
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app150μsselect `id`, `name`, `parent_id`, `_lft`, `_rgt`, `show_content`, `des_added_by`, `des_updated_by`, `author_name`, `link_subject_id` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (12229) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app150μsselect `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (30549) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app140μsselect `id`, `name`, `avatar` from `users` where `users`.`id` in (74887) and `users`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app800μsselect * from (select `questions`.`id`, `questions`.`subject_id`, `questions`.`category_id`, `questions`.`sub_category_id`, `questions`.`board_exam_id`, `questions`.`passage_id`, `questions`.`question_type`, `questions`.`question`, `questions`.`is_duplicate`, `questions`.`status`, `questions`.`image`, `subjectables`.`subject_id` as `pivot_subject_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` as `pivot_subjectable_id`, `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` as `pivot_subjectable_type`, row_number() over (partition by `subjectables`.`subject_id` order by `questions`.`created_at` desc) as `laravel_row` from `questions` inner join `subjectables` on `questions`.`id` = `subjectables`.`subjectable_id` where `subjectables`.`subject_id` in (15053) and `subjectables`.`subjectable_type` = 'App\\Models\\Question' and `questions`.`status` = 'active' and `questions`.`deleted_at` is null) as `laravel_table` where `laravel_row` <= 5 order by `laravel_row`
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app280μsselect `id`, `question_id`, `option_1`, `option_2`, `option_3`, `option_4`, `option_5`, `image_option`, `image_question`, `answer` from `question_options` where `question_options`.`question_id` in (245899, 246450, 254102, 255503, 259127) and `question_options`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
      • QueryBuilder.php#305satt_satt_mobile_app130μsselect `id`, `name`, `slug` from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` in (73) and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null
        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:305
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:321
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:285
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:122
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:121
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:60
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:125
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:121
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:60
      • SubjectRepository.php#137satt_satt_mobile_app170μsselect * from `subjects` where `subjects`.`id` = 15053 and `subjects`.`deleted_at` is null limit 1
        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:137
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:140
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
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        Backtrace
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:140
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/Repository.php:427
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Cache/CacheManager.php:453
        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:136
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:38
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:60
        • vendor/kalnoy/nestedset/src/QueryBuilder.php:235
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
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        • app/Repositories/SubjectRepository.php:293
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
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        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:76
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
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        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:77
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
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        Bindings
        • 0: 15053
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        Backtrace
        • app/Services/SubjectService.php:82
        • app/Http/Controllers/Academy/SubjectController.php:105
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:44
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:266
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        Bindings
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        Backtrace
        • view::includes.restrict:30
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
        • vendor/livewire/livewire/src/Mechanisms/ExtendBlade/ExtendedCompilerEngine.php:22
        • vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:75
      App\Models\Subject
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      App\Models\Question
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      App\Models\QuestionOption
      5QuestionOption.php#?
      App\Models\SubjectDescription
      3SubjectDescription.php#?
      App\Models\PackagePlan
      3PackagePlan.php#?
      App\Models\User
      2User.php#?
      App\Models\SubCategory
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